If your dentist has found a cavity at the gum line, you may wonder whether it is treated like any other cavity.
The tooth’s surface can change as the gums recede. Once part of the root is exposed, that surface no longer has enamel protecting it, which can make it more vulnerable to decay.
This is why your dentist may approach a gumline cavity differently, from how it is identified to how the tooth is restored and protected.
What Is an Exposed Root Made Of?
While the visible part of your tooth is covered by hard enamel, the root is much more vulnerable. The root is mostly dentin, covered by a thin layer called cementum. These tissues are exposed when gums recede. Enamel also tends to become thinner where the crown meets the root, although the exact junction varies from tooth to tooth.
Because the dentin and cementum are less mineralized than enamel, you may experience tooth sensitivity if they become exposed due to receding gums. However, tooth sensitivity does not necessarily indicate tooth decay, so if you are experiencing sensitivity or notice a tooth looks longer than it once did, make an appointment with your dentist to investigate.
Why Decay Can Behave Differently on a Root Surface
An exposed root is not simply enamel in a different location; it is a different tooth surface that influences how your dentist evaluates and manages decay.
As mentioned, tooth roots lack a layer of enamel, making them more vulnerable to the acids produced by plaque bacteria. This is why root caries (cavities) deserve particular attention when a root has become exposed.
Additionally, the gum margin is an area where plaque can collect, and the shape and position of the gums can make it harder to reach with a toothbrush.
Dry mouth, caused by reduced saliva that helps protect the gumline, can also reduce protection in the area.
How a Gumline Cavity Is Found
Only a dental professional can positively determine the cause of any changes at your gumline. You may notice dark marks, notches, or changes at the gumline, but they may also be caused by staining, tartar, or natural wear as opposed to a cavity.
During an examination, your dentist will look for signs of decay, including brown or black spots, and may use X-rays to better see areas that are difficult to see, such as the tooth structure under the gumline. This combined approach will help your dentist determine whether a cavity is present, as well as whether the decay is on the crown, the root surface, or both.
Having a cavity does not automatically mean that a filling is the next step. A cavity that does not appear to be progressing may be monitored, while one that is progressing may require treatment. The decision depends on what your dentist finds on that tooth, not simply how large the area looks.
Restoring the Tooth with a Composite Resin Filling
At Yonge Eglinton Dental, we use a tooth-coloured composite resin for direct fillings, including gum line cavities, which we bond to the tooth and shape in place. The gum margin requires particular care depending on the surface involved, the cavity’s position, and the amount of sound tooth remaining. For example, if the cavity’s edge sits close to the gum or slightly below it, the dentist may then need to bond the filling to the root surface rather than enamel.
In cases where there is not enough tooth structure to securely support a filling, your dentist may suggest other restoration options, such as a dental crown.
Tips to Protecting the Root Surface
Once a root surface is exposed, protecting it becomes part of looking after the tooth. Here are tips to help protect your tooth roots:
- Brush gently. Brushing too hard can contribute to gum recession and wear at the gum line. If recession exposes more root surface, that newly exposed area can be more vulnerable to decay.
- Use fluoride toothpaste. Fluoride can help protect an exposed root, depending on an individual’s circumstances. Use a fluoride toothpaste in your daily oral health routine. Also, ask your dentist if extra fluoride can help.
- See your dentist regularly. A dentist can assess areas that may be difficult to evaluate yourself and determine whether a change at the gum line represents decay or something else.
If you have questions about gum line cavities, exposed tooth roots, or other oral health concerns, call the team at Yonge Eglinton Dental. We are here to help you have a healthy, happy smile that will last a lifetime!
Learn More About Gum Line Cavities from Our Dentists at Yonge and Eglinton
Contact Yonge Eglinton Dental when you are ready to optimize your family’s oral health. We will work together to ensure your teeth and gums look great and are as strong and healthy as possible. Make an appointment today by calling 416-932-2222 or booking online. We look forward to seeing you!
Frequently Asked Questions About Gum Line Cavities
Does a cavity at the gum line mean the root is exposed?
Not necessarily. “Cavity at the gum line” describes the location of the decay, not the particular tooth surface involved. A cavity can occur at the gum line without gum recession, and it may affect the enamel, the root surface, or the area where the two meet. Your dentist can determine which surface is involved.
Can a filling at the gum line match the colour of the root?
It can, depending on the circumstances. Root surfaces often appear slightly yellower than a tooth’s crown. Composite comes in different shades, allowing your dentist to select a shade that can provide a suitable match. A precise colour match depends on the individual tooth and filling materials available.
Is there anything to do about the gum itself?
A filling restores the affected tooth. It does not address the position of the gum itself. If root exposure is a separate concern, your dentist can discuss possible treatment options with you.
Can a cavity near the gum line be treated with a filling?
It can be, depending on the surface involved, the cavity’s location, and whether the remaining tooth can support the restoration.
Can a cavity below the gum line be filled?
Decay that extends below the gum line can be more difficult to reach and fill, but its location does not automatically rule out a filling. Your dentist will assess the tooth and determine the appropriate treatment options.
Are exposed roots and sensitive teeth the same thing?
No. An exposed root can be sensitive, but sensitivity and tooth decay are separate issues. Sensitivity can have several possible causes, which can be determined by your dentist, but sensitive teeth does not always mean tooth decay is present.
